PDI Salesforce Certified Platform Developer 1 (WI25) Questions and Answers

A: Using the order number as an external ID ensures Salesforce can identify and update existing records instead of creating duplicates during updates.

B: Ensuring the order number is unique in the OMS guarantees that there will not be multiple records in Salesforce corresponding to a single order.

The provided code attempts to update all Lead records in an environment with more than 2,000 records. This will likely exceed the governor limit for the total number of records processed in DML statements, which is 10,000 per transaction. To avoid this, the developer can use Database.update with batching logic.

Marking the field as required on the field definition ensures that the field is always populated during record creation or update. This enforces the rule at the database level.

Other Options:

Option A: Setting a default value ensures a value is present initially but does not enforce a value during updates.

Option B: Writing a trigger is less efficient and adds unnecessary complexity.

Option C: Marking the field as required on the page layout is UI-specific and does not enforce the rule during API or code-based operations.

Anonymous Apex allows developers to execute ad hoc code snippets without creating a permanent class or trigger. It is useful for tasks like bulk data manipulation or testing.

B. Deleting 15,000 inactive Accounts:

Anonymous Apex can perform ad hoc bulk operations to clean up data after a deployment.

Example:

Use Cases:List inactiveAccounts = [SELECT Id FROM Account WHERE IsActive__c = false LIMIT 15000];

delete inactiveAccounts;

C. Running a batch Apex class:

Anonymous Apex can execute batch jobs for data processing.

Example:

apex

Copy code

Database.executeBatch(new UpdateContactBatch());

A. Schedule an Apex class to run periodically: This requires a scheduled job, not Anonymous Apex.

D. Add unit test code coverage: Unit tests must be written in test classes and cannot be added using Anonymous Apex.

Anonymous Apex: https://developer.salesforce.com/docs/atlas.en-us.apexcode.meta/apexcode/apex_execute_anonymous.htm

Why Not the Other Options?References:

A: Formula fields are calculated at runtime based on the formula definition and are not stored in the database.

C: Formula fields can reference fields from related objects, allowing cross-object calculations.

Why not other options?

B: Formulas cannot reference themselves; doing so would result in a circular reference error.

D: If a field used in a formula field is deleted, the formula field will break, and Salesforce will prevent deletion until the formula field is updated.

References:

Formula Fields Documentation

Why a try/catch block is required:

In Salesforce, DML operations such as insert, update, delete, and upsert can throw exceptions due to issues like validation rule violations, field constraints, or sharing rule restrictions.

Using a try/catch block ensures that these exceptions are caught and handled gracefully, preventing the entire transaction from failing.

How to modify the code:

The update statement in the code can be wrapped in a try/catch block to catch and handle any exceptions that occur. For example:

apex

Copy code

public static void insertAccounts(List theseAccounts) {

try {

for (Account thisAccount : theseAccounts) {

if (thisAccount.website == null) {

thisAccount.website = 'https://www.demo.com ';

}

}

update theseAccounts;

} catch (DmlException e) {

System.debug('DML Exception: ' + e.getMessage());

}

}

Why not the other options?

A. Implement the upsert DML statement:

upsert is used to either insert or update records based on an external ID or primary key. It does not inherently handle exceptions.

B. Implement Change Data Capture:

Change Data Capture (CDC) is used for tracking changes to data in real time and is unrelated to handling DML exceptions.

D. Remove null items from the list of Accounts:

While cleaning the input data is a good practice, it does not address the need for exception handling during DML operations.

References:

Apex Error Handling

DML Operations in Apex

A. Roll-up summary fields can cause the parent record to go through Save:

When a roll-up summary field on a parent object (like Account) is updated due to changes in child records (like Branch), the parent record (Account) is implicitly saved again.

This can result in the execution of the trigger on the parent object. Developers must consider this behavior to avoid unintended recursion or infinite loops.

The code provided processes all Case records in a single transaction. Since it attempts to process over 10,000 records, it exceeds the Salesforce governor limit of 50,000 DML rows per transaction, causing the transaction to fail.

Governor Limits on DML Rows (C):Salesforce enforces a governor limit of 50,000 rows for DML operations per transaction. In this case, if the SELECT query retrieves over 50,000 records, the Database.update call will hit this limit and throw a System.LimitException.

Developer Sandboxes are ideal for individual developers. They provide the same configuration as production and allow developers to work independently.

Full Sandbox: Used for staging or testing environments, not suitable for individual developer work.

Developer Edition: Not connected to the production org and lacks sandbox functionality.

Partner Developer Edition: Used by ISVs for AppExchange development, not suitable for internal teams.

References:

Salesforce Sandbox Overview

B: Salesforce requires that all Apex code have at least 75% test coverage in production before deployment. This ensures that the system remains reliable.

C: All triggers must have some test coverage as part of the overall 75% requirement for Apex code.

Why not other options?

A: Object visibility settings are not a deployment requirement.

D: Visual Flows do not require test coverage for deployment to production.

References:

Apex Test Coverage Requirements

To embed a Lightning component in a Visualforce page, the following are required:

A: is necessary to include the Lightning framework on the Visualforce page.

C: $Lightning.use() initializes the Lightning app and is essential for using Lightning components.

Why not other options?

B: $Lightning.createComponent is used for creating a specific Lightning component but is not enough on its own.

D: includes SLDS (Styling) but is unrelated to embedding Lightning components.

E: This is not a valid syntax.

References:

Embedding Lightning Components in Visualforce

Interfaces in Java and Salesforce Apex:

In Java or Apex, interfaces define a contract that classes must fulfill. They provide method signatures that any implementing class must define.

The keyword implements is used to implement an interface.

Classes and Inheritance:

A class in Java/Apex cannot use extends to inherit from an interface. The extends keyword is reserved for inheriting from another class, while implements is used for interfaces.

Multiple Interfaces:

A class can implement multiple interfaces in both Java and Salesforce Apex. This is done by separating interface names with commas after the implements keyword.

Correct Syntax:

To create a DrawList class that implements both Sortable and Drawable interfaces, the syntax must:

Use implements for interfaces.

Provide implementations for all methods defined in the interfaces.

Analysis of Options:

Option A:

Uses implements for each interface separately, which is syntactically incorrect in Java/Apex.

Invalid due to redundancy.

Option B:

Correctly uses implements for multiple interfaces separated by a comma.

Provides implementations for both methods, sort() and draw().

Option C and D:

Use extends for interfaces, which is invalid. Interfaces cannot be extended by classes.

Final Implementation:

public class DrawList implements Sortable, Drawable {

public void sort() {

// Implementation of sort method

}

public void draw() {

// Implementation of draw method

}

}

References:

Apex Classes and Interfaces Documentation

Trailhead Module on Apex Interfaces

Option B is the correct implementation as it adheres to the rules for working with interfaces in Java/Apex.

This method allows the developer to retrieve all available record types and identify the default record type for the current user by checking the isDefaultRecordTypeMapping() attribute.

Example:

Schema.DescribeSObjectResult describeResult = Opportunity.sObjectType.getDescribe();

for (Schema.RecordTypeInfo recordType : describeResult.getRecordTypeInfos()) {

if (recordType.isDefaultRecordTypeMapping()) {

System.debug('Default Record Type: ' + recordType.getName());

}

}

B: Using partial DML statements (e.g., Database.insert(list, false)) allows only valid records to be committed while identifying invalid ones, avoiding runtime errors.

D: The Database.Savepoint method ensures transactional control by allowing rollback to a specific savepoint if an error occurs.

Why not other options?

A: The @ReadOnly annotation is for read-only operations and would not allow DML operations.

C: The System.Limit class helps monitor limits but does not directly control transaction behavior.

References:

Best Practices for Apex Transactions

75% Code Coverage (A):To deploy Apex code to production, Salesforce requires at least 75% of the code to be covered by tests across the organization.

Validation Rule Violations:

Salesforce automatically throws exceptions for validation rule violations during DML operations.

is used to display these errors to the user.

Why Not Other Options?

A: Controller attributes alone cannot handle validation messages.

B: A try/catch block does not address validation rule violations effectively.

D: Database.upsert() method is not related to validation error handling.

Apex Messages: https://developer.salesforce.com/docs/atlas.en-us.pages.meta/pages/pages_compref_messages.htm

References:

sObject: SOQL queries can return single or multiple records as sObject instances.

List: SOQL queries often return results as a List of sObject.

Double: SOQL aggregate queries can return numeric data types like Double (e.g., COUNT, SUM).

Option A: The fire() method is used to publish Aura application events in the traditional publish-subscribe model.

Not Suitable:

Option B: sendEvent() is not a valid method for Aura events.

Option C: FireEvent() does not exist.

Option D: emit() is not part of the Aura event framework.

 Why Queueable?

Queueable Apex allows asynchronous processing, which can handle bulk updates efficiently without hitting governor limits.

The trigger enqueues the Queueable class to process the asset updates.

 Avoiding Limit Failures:

Moving logic to a Queueable class offloads resource-intensive operations to asynchronous processing.

Scratch orgs are temporary, source-driven Salesforce environments used for development and testing. They allow developers to:

Work on independent features without interfering with each other's configurations.

Utilize a source-driven development model for CI/CD pipelines.

C: The Bulk API is designed for importing or exporting large volumes of data and works efficiently in development environments, but it respects storage limits.

D: Developer and Developer Pro sandboxes have different storage limits. Developer Pro has a larger storage limit compared to a Developer sandbox.

Why not other options?

A: Bulk API does not bypass storage limits.

B: The Data Import Wizard is a web-based tool, not an application installed on your computer.

References:

Salesforce Data Import and Export

Salesforce Bulk API

Order of Execution Rules:

Step 1: Original record is loaded from the database.

Step 2: Field-level validations are performed, including maximum field lengths.

Step 3: Old values are overwritten with new record values.

Step 4: JavaScript validation runs in the browser.

Order of Execution Rules: https://developer.salesforce.com/docs/atlas.en-us.238.0.salesforce_appdevelopment.meta/salesforce_appdevelopment/apex_triggers_order_of_execution.htm

References:

Why Lookup on Account to Global Address?

An Account can reference a single default Global Address via a lookup field, allowing multiple Accounts to share the same address.

This is more efficient than the reverse (lookup on Global Address to Account), as Global Address is the parent in this relationship.

Avoiding Master-Detail:

Lookup relationships provide flexibility in this use case since Accounts and Global Addresses have independent lifecycles.

Example:Create a custom lookup field on Account referencing the Global Address object.

To meet the requirements:

For mobile devices, the content should display in three rows.

For desktops and tablets, the content should display in a single row.

Explanation of Correct Option (B):The code uses lightning:layoutItem with appropriate sizing for mediumDeviceSize="4", which ensures:

Mobile devices: Each layout item will occupy the full width (size="12"), resulting in three rows.

Tablets and desktops: Each layout item will occupy one-third of the row (mediumDeviceSize="4"), displaying in a single row.

Example Code from Option B:

{!v.account.Name}

{!v.account.AccountNumber}

{!v.account.Industry}

Option A: Does not account for mediumDeviceSize and will not adjust for tablets/desktops.

Option C: Uses incorrect sizing for mediumDeviceSize, which may not display correctly for tablets/desktops.

Allow Reparenting in Master-Detail Relationships:

In a master-detail relationship, the child record (in this case, OrderItem) is tightly bound to the parent record (Order).

By default, child records cannot be reassigned to a different parent record in master-detail relationships. However, enabling the "Allow Reparenting" option on the master-detail field allows the child record (OrderItem) to be reparented to a different master record (Order).

This is the correct solution as it ensures that OrderItem records can be reassigned to a new Order without changing the structure of the relationship.

Why not the other options?

A. Add without sharing to the Apex class declaration:

Adding without sharing modifies sharing rules but does not affect the ability to reparent child records. This is unrelated to the issue described.

B. Change the master-detail relationship to an external lookup relationship:

Changing the relationship type is not necessary. Additionally, doing so could introduce unintended side effects, as master-detail relationships have features like roll-up summaries that are lost with a lookup relationship.

C. Create a junction object between OrderItem and Order:

Introducing a junction object is not required. This adds unnecessary complexity and deviates from the intended use of master-detail relationships.

References:

Master-Detail Relationship Documentation

Allow Reparenting Option

Scratch orgs are created using the Salesforce CLI (sfdx force:org:create) as part of Salesforce DX. It is specifically designed for development and testing purposes.

Why not other options?

B: Sandbox refresh is used for creating sandboxes, not scratch orgs.

C: Developer Console is used for debugging and code development but cannot create scratch orgs.

D: Workbench is a tool for API testing and data manipulation, not for scratch org creation.

References:

Salesforce CLI and Scratch Orgs

Pagination using a StandardSetController helps manage large datasets by loading only a subset of records at a time. This approach minimizes view state size, which is critical for handling large datasets like 10,000+ records.

The Boolean isOK variable is declared but not initialized, meaning its value is null by default in Apex.

The code evaluates the if-else conditions in sequence:

Condition 1: isOK == false && theString == 'Hello'

isOK is null, so this evaluates to false.

Condition 2: isOK == true && theString == 'Hello'

Again, isOK is null, so this evaluates to false.

Condition 3: isOK != null && theString == 'Hello'

isOK is null, so isOK != null evaluates to false.

Else block: None of the above conditions are true, so the code enters the else block and sets x = 4.

References:

Apex Boolean Data Type

Option A correctly uses a nested SOQL query to retrieve Contact records along with their related Job_Application__c records, filtering by Account.Industry. This approach is efficient and leverages Salesforce's relationship model.

Option C: Roll-up summary fields can cause triggers to fire again as they recalculate parent records.

Option D: After-save record-triggered flows can update records, which may fire triggers on those records.

Option A: The Lightning Component Framework uses client-side rendering for improved performance and responsiveness.

Option B: Lightning components automatically adhere to accessibility standards (e.g., ARIA).

Option D: The framework allows for seamless integration with external libraries via JavaScript.

Not Suitable:

Option C: Lightning components are compatible with modern browsers but not all browsers.

To check test coverage for autolaunched flows before deployment, developers need to use SOQL queries with the Tooling API. This provides detailed information about which flows are covered and their test results.

To make an LWC available for use on a record page:

Target Configuration:

Add lightning__RecordPage in the component's .js-meta.xml file to specify where the component can be used.

Expose the Component:

Set isExposed to true in the .js-meta.xml file to make the component available for use.

Example .js-meta.xml File:

http://soap.sforce.com/2006/04/metadata ">

57.0

true

lightning__RecordPage

A: Incorrect placement. The tag must be in the .js-meta.xml file, not the JavaScript file.

D: The tag is used for metadata labeling, not for exposing or targeting a component.

LWC Metadata Configuration: https://developer.salesforce.com/docs/component-library/documentation/en/lwc/lwc.create_metadata_config_file

Why Not the Other Options?References:

A: Custom objects and fields are the fundamental building blocks of the database layer in Salesforce for creating and storing custom data.

C: Roll-up summary fields are a declarative feature used to perform calculations (e.g., sum, count) on child records and display the results on the parent record.

D: Relationships (e.g., master-detail, lookup) are essential for defining how data objects are related to each other.

Why not other options?

B: Triggers are a programmatic solution, which goes against the declarative-only requirement.

E: Flows are used for automation and logic, not for building the database layer.

References:

Salesforce Data Modeling

The correct implementation of the CheckPaymentProcessor class must adhere to the PaymentProcessor interface. To accomplish this:

Use the implements keyword to signify that the CheckPaymentProcessor class is implementing the PaymentProcessor interface.

Define the pay method in the CheckPaymentProcessor class, as it is required by the PaymentProcessor interface.

The pay method must match the method signature defined in the PaymentProcessor interface (void pay(Decimal amount)).

Explanation of Option D:

It uses implements PaymentProcessor to correctly indicate that the class adheres to the interface.

The pay method is properly implemented with the required method signature and includes a placeholder for functional code.

Other Options:

Option A: The pay method is not implemented correctly (no method body).

Option B: Incorrect use of extends instead of implements (interfaces are implemented, not extended).

Option C: Same issue as Option B, with a slight variation in formatting.

Why Prebuilt Components?

The Lightning Component Framework includes a library of prebuilt components, which developers can use to build applications faster.

Why Not Other Options?

A: The framework is exclusive to Lightning Experience, not Classic UI.

C: The framework does not provide templates but focuses on reusable components.

D: Extended governor limits are not provided by the framework.

Lightning Components Overview: https://developer.salesforce.com/docs/component-library/documentation/en/lwc

References:

Why Use Static Resources and Test.loadData?

C: Static resources allow you to define reusable test data (e.g., in a CSV file).

D: Test.loadData simplifies loading bulk test data into test classes from static resources.

Why Not Other Options?

A: Using @isTest(seeAllData=true) violates test isolation principles and is discouraged.

B: @isTest(isParallel=true) is used for parallel execution, not for creating test data.

Test.loadData: https://developer.salesforce.com/docs/atlas.en-us.apexcode.meta/apexcode/apex_testing_tools_load_data.htm

References:

Custom Permission:

Ensures that only the small group of users has access to this functionality.

Dynamic Action:

Allows displaying different fields depending on the user’s role directly on the Account Record Page.

Why Not A or C:

Dynamic Forms are not used to create records for custom objects in this context.

A Lightning Web Component is unnecessary when Dynamic Actions can be used.

Dynamic Actions: https://help.salesforce.com/s/articleView?id=sf.dynamic_actions.htm

Custom Permissions: https://developer.salesforce.com/docs/atlas.en-us.apexcode.meta/apexcode/apex_classes_perms_custom.htm

References:

To override the Account's standard Edit button in Lightning Experience, a Lightning action can be created and associated with the object. This action can include custom logic or a Lightning component.

The requirement specifies that the Salary__c field should function as a currency input and honor field-level security.

The lightning-input-field component (Option C) automatically respects field-level permissions set in Salesforce and ensures the Salary__c field is editable and viewable only by authorized users.

Other options do not guarantee compliance with field-level security:

Option A: does not enforce field-level security.

Option B: is read-only and cannot be used for editing.

Option D: requires custom logic for enforcing security.

References:

Lightning Web Components Documentation

Field-Level Security Best Practices

Maximum Trigger Depth Exceeded:

This error occurs when a trigger causes recursive calls, leading to an infinite loop of execution.

Solution:

Use static variables in helper classes to prevent recursive trigger execution.

Example:

public class TriggerHelper {

public static Boolean isTriggerExecuted = false;

}

trigger AccountTrigger on Account (after update) {

if (!TriggerHelper.isTriggerExecuted) {

TriggerHelper.isTriggerExecuted = true;

// Trigger logic here

}

}

Why Not Other Options?

A: Permissions do not affect trigger recursion.

B: Length of the trigger is unrelated to recursion.

C: Code coverage does not influence runtime errors like recursion.

Trigger Best Practices: https://developer.salesforce.com/docs/atlas.en-us.apexcode.meta/apexcode/apex_triggers_best_practices.htm

References:

Option A: Only one method annotated with @InvocableMethod can exist per class.

Option C: The method must be static.

Option E: The method can be declared as Public or Global for broader accessibility.

The with sharing keyword ensures that the Apex class respects the sharing rules of the current user, including private sharing models. This means the logged-in user will only see records they own or have been shared with them.

Salesforce requires that every trigger must have at least 1% test coverage to be deployed. Since the trigger in question has 0% test coverage, the deployment will fail even if the helper method and related classes meet the coverage requirement.

Roll-Up Summary Field:

Since the relationship between Order and Order Line Item is a Master-Detail, a Roll-Up Summary field can be used on the Order object.

The MAX function in a Roll-Up Summary field calculates the latest date (the maximum value) among all the availability dates on the Order Line Items.

Why MAX Roll-Up Summary Field Works:

The latest availability date among the Order Line Items will determine when the entire Order can be shipped.

Why Not Other Options?

A and B: There is no such formula called "LATEST" or "CEILING" applicable to date fields.

C: A COUNT Roll-Up Summary is irrelevant for calculating dates.

Roll-Up Summary Fields: https://developer.salesforce.com/docs/atlas.en-us.object_reference.meta/object_reference/roll_up_summary_fields.htm

References:

An External ID field is used to match data in Salesforce with data from external systems (like an on-premise SQL database). It allows for easy upserts and data integration without relying on Salesforce IDs.

Why not other options?

A: External objects are used for real-time integration with external systems but do not address data matching directly.

C: Formula fields are calculated fields and cannot be used for data matching.

D: Lookup fields are used for creating relationships between objects within Salesforce, not for matching external data.

Option B: Using Schema.sObjectType.Account.isDeletable() checks if the current user has permission to delete records of the Account object. This approach adheres to Salesforce's security model.

Not Suitable:

Option A: accountRec.isDeletable() is not a valid method.

Option C: Incorrect syntax for checking permissions.

Option D: Account.isDeletable does not exist.

The doWork method inserts an account for every iteration of the for loop, which runs from i = 0 to i <= 200, inclusive.

This results in 201 iterations, and hence 201 accounts are inserted into the org.

Explanation of Code Behavior:

The loop condition i <= 200 runs 201 times (0 to 200).

The insert acct; statement is executed 201 times.

References:

Apex Developer Guide - Loop Constructs

SFDX CLI (A):Salesforce CLI allows the automation of deployment scripts to sandboxes. Using commands like sfdx force:source:deploy, developers can deploy metadata directly from source control.

Option A: Governor limits are reset for each execution of the execute() method in a batch job because each batch is treated as a separate transaction.

Option C: Batch jobs use asynchronous governor limits, which are higher than synchronous limits.

SOSL:

Designed for full-text searches, making it faster for unstructured or broad text searches across multiple objects.

Ideal for searching multiple fields simultaneously.

SOQL:

Optimized for structured queries where you need more control over filtering and relationships.

Can return up to 50,000 records in a single query, while SOSL returns only 2,000.

C and D are incorrect because SOSL is faster for text searches, not SOQL.

SOQL vs. SOSL: https://developer.salesforce.com/docs/atlas.en-us.soql_sosl.meta/soql_sosl/sforce_api_calls_soql_sosl_intro.htm

Why Not Other Options?References:

Rendering as PDF:

The renderAs="pdf" attribute in the tag renders the page content as a PDF.

Why Not Other Options?

A and B: contentType is not used to render PDFs.

D: Incorrect syntax.

Visualforce PDF Rendering: https://developer.salesforce.com/docs/atlas.en-us.pages.meta/pages/pages_output_pdf.htm

References:

Why Re-Parentable Master-Detail Field?

A master-detail relationship allows Line Items to roll up totals (e.g., calculate total amount) to the Order.

Setting the relationship as re-parentable supports moving Line Items between different Orders.

Why Not Other Options?

B. Lookup field: Does not support roll-up summary fields for calculations.

C and D: Relationships in the opposite direction (Order to Line Item) do not support the required logic.

Master-Detail Relationships: https://developer.salesforce.com/docs/atlas.en-us.object_reference.meta/object_reference/relationships_master_detail.htm

References:

Test Isolation Principle:

Apex test methods run in a sandboxed environment without access to existing org data unless seeAllData=true is used.

The test fails if it relies on data not created within the test itself.

Why Not Other Options?

A: runAs simulates user context but does not affect test isolation.

B: @future methods do not cause failures if handled correctly.

D: Syntax errors would prevent code compilation.

Test Data Isolation: https://developer.salesforce.com/docs/atlas.en-us.apexcode.meta/apexcode/apex_testing_data.htm

References:

To create and manage scratch orgs in Salesforce DX, the Dev Hub must be enabled in your Salesforce production or Developer Edition org. Dev Hub acts as the central hub for managing scratch orgs.

Why Controller?

A custom controller allows:

Complex validation involving multiple objects.

Redirection to another Visualforce page upon success.

Controllers can implement custom save logic and redirect using PageReference.

Why Not Other Options?

A. Apex: Apex is the underlying programming language, but a controller specifically handles the Visualforce logic.

B. Trigger: Triggers execute on DML events, not on button clicks in Visualforce.

D. Extension: Extensions enhance standard controllers but are not necessary here since a custom controller is being built.

Controllers and Extensions: https://developer.salesforce.com/docs/atlas.en-us.pages.meta/pages/pages_controller_custom.htm

References:

To query related child records in a lookup or master-detail relationship:

Use the parent object (Gym__c) to retrieve its child records (Trainer__c) through a nested query.

The child relationship name (Trainers__r) is derived from the lookup field.