JN0-231 Security-Associate (JNCIA-SEC) Questions and Answers

Network Prefixes in Address Books

You can specify addresses as network prefixes in the prefix/length format. For example, 203.0.113.0/24 is an acceptable address book address because it translates to a network prefix. However, 203.0.113.4/24 is not acceptable for an address book because it exceeds the subnet length of 24 bits. Everything beyond the subnet length must be entered as 0 (zero). In special scenarios, you can enter a hostname because it can use the full 32-bit address length.

https://www.junipe r.net/documentation/us/en/software/junos/security-policies/topics/topic-map/security-address-books-sets.html

ICMP flood

Use the ICMP flood IDS option to protect against ICMP flood attacks. An ICMP flood attack typically occurs when ICMP echo requests use all resources in responding, such that valid network traffic can no longer be processed.

The threshold value defines the number of ICMP packets per second (pps) allowed to be send to the same destination address before the device rejects further ICMP packets.

IP spoofing

Use the IP address spoofing IDS option to prevent spoofing attacks. IP spoofing occurs when an invalid source address is inserted in the packet header to make the packet appear to come from a trusted source.

https://www.juniper.net/documentation/us/en/software/junos/denial-of-service/topics/topic-map/security-introduction-to-adp.html

https://www.juniper.net/documentation/us/en/software/junos/utm/topics/concept/utm-web-filtering-overview.html

Juniper Enhanced Web Filtering is a web filtering solution that uses a direct Internet-based service for URL categorization. This service allows Enhanced Web Filtering to quickly and accurately categorize URLs and other web content, providing real-time protection against malicious content. Additionally, Enhanced Web Filtering is able to provide detailed reporting on web usage, as well as the ability to define and enforce acceptable use policies.

References: https://www.juniper.net/documentation/en_US/junos-space-security-director/topics/task/configuration/security-services-web-filtering-enhanced.html https://www.juniper.net/documentation/en_US/junos-space-security-director/topics/task/configuration/security-services-w eb-filtering-enhanced-overview.html

J-Web is a web-based interface for configuring and managing Juniper devices. The management and loopback address configuration option in J-Web allows you to configure the IP address of the device management port, which is used to remotely access and manage the device.

Understanding the Policies in the Exhibit:The exhibit displays two policies configured on the Juniper SRX device for traffic between the trust zone and the dmz zone.

Policy 1:

Name: Trust-DMZ-Access

State: Enabled

Source Address: Trust-Net

Destination Address: DMZ-Net

Applications: junos-ftp, junos-ping

Action: permit

Log: Enabled

Policy 2:

Name: Trust-DMZ-Block

State: Enabled

Source Address: Trust-Net

Destination Address: DMZ-Net

Applications: junos-ssh

Action: deny, log

Analysis of Each Option:

Option A:

The Trust-DMZ-Access policy explicitly permits traffic for the junos-ftp and junos-ping applications.

This is validated by the action permit in the policy configuration.

Correct.

Option B:

This is incorrect because the Trust-DMZ-Access policy permits FTP and ping traffic rather than denying it.

Incorrect.

Option C:

The Trust-DMZ-Block policy explicitly denies traffic for the junos-ssh application.

Therefore, SSH access is not permitted.

Incorrect.

Option D:

The Trust-DMZ-Block policy denies SSH traffic from the Trust-Net to the DMZ-Net.

This is validated by the action deny.

Correct.

Juniper Security References:

Security Policy Overview:Security policies in Junos OS are used to control and filter traffic between security zones. Each policy defines:

Source and destination zones

Source and destination addresses

Applications or services

Action: permit, deny

Logging options

Policy Action Details:

permit: Allows the specified traffic.

deny: Blocks the specified traffic.

Application Identification:

Juniper SRX uses predefined application identifiers (junos-ftp, junos-ping, junos-ssh) for traffic matching.

Policy Evaluation Order:Policies are evaluated in sequence by their index number or sequence number. In this exhibit:

Trust-DMZ-Access is evaluated first (Sequence number: 1).

Trust-DMZ-Block is evaluated next (Sequence number: 2).

Conclusion:Based on the exhibit, FTP and ping traffic is permitted under Trust-DMZ-Access, and SSH traffic is denied under Trust-DMZ-Block. The answers to the question are therefore:

A. Correct

D. Correct

Refer to the Juniper Security Policy Documentation for more details on configuring and managing policies.

According to the Juniper SRX Series Services Guide, the null zone is a predefined security zone that is created on the SRX Series device when it is booted. Traffic that is sent to or received on an interface in the null zone is discarded. The null zone is not a functional security zone, so you cannot enable or disable it.

Juniper ATP should be configured with C&C feeds that contain lists of malicious domains and IP addresses in order to prevent IP cameras from becoming zombies in a DDoS attack.

This is an important step to ensure that the IP cameras are protected from malicious requests - and thus, they will not be able to be used in any DDoS attacks against the facility.

Juniper ATP Geo IP can help to accomplish this task by using geolocation services to determine the geographical location of IP addresses. As IP prefixes get allocated to the countries that you have specified, the Geo IP solution will automatically update the configured firewall policies to block any traffic that is coming from those specific countries.

This is a great solution for blocking specific countries - as it will allow for a more personalized and targeted approach to firewall policies - and thus, to increase the effectiveness of the solution at blocking potential malicious traffic.

By default, TCP has a 30-minute idle timeout, and UDP has a 60-second idle timeout. Additionally, known IP protocols have a 30-minute timeout, whereas unknown ones have a 60-second timeout. Setting the inactivity timeout is very useful, particularly if you are concerned about applications either timing out or remaining idle for too long and filling up the session table. According to the Juniper SRX Series Services Guide, this can be configured using the 'timeout inactive' statement for the security policy.

Understanding the Requirement:

The scenario involves managing multiple branch SRX Series devices using a cloud-based solution for configuration and monitoring.

The solution must provide centralized visibility and control without requiring extensive on-premise infrastructure.

Evaluation of the Options:

Option A: J-Web

J-Web is a local web-based GUI tool for configuring and managing a single Juniper device.

It is not a cloud-based solution and is suitable for small-scale, device-specific management.

Incorrect.

Option B: Juniper Sky Enterprise

Juniper Sky Enterprise is a cloud-based management platform specifically designed for Juniper devices, including SRX Series.

It provides centralized configuration, monitoring, and management for distributed branch locations.

It does not require any on-premises infrastructure and is easy to deploy.

Features include:

Zero-touch provisioning.

Policy-based management.

Centralized logging and reporting.

Correct.

Option C: Junos Space Security Director

Junos Space Security Director is an on-premises or private cloud management tool for managing Juniper security devices.

It is not a fully cloud-based solution and requires the Junos Space platform to be deployed in the network.

Suitable for larger enterprises with a private data center.

Incorrect.

Option D: Juniper Secure Analytics (JSA)

JSA is a log and event management solution designed for security analytics and threat intelligence.

It focuses on collecting and analyzing security logs rather than device configuration and monitoring.

Incorrect.

Why Juniper Sky Enterprise is the Correct Solution:

Cloud-Based Management: Juniper Sky Enterprise provides a fully cloud-hosted environment for managing and monitoring SRX devices, making it ideal for distributed branches.

Ease of Deployment: Requires no additional hardware or software at the branch location.

Comprehensive Features: Offers visibility, configuration management, and logging for multiple SRX devices from a centralized dashboard.

Scalability: Suitable for small to large-scale deployments with minimal operational overhead.

Juniper Security Reference:

Refer to the Juniper Sky Enterprise Overview for detailed documentation and features.

user@host# set security utm custom-objects url-pattern url-pattern-name https://www.juniper.net/documentation/us/en/software/junos/utm/topics/t opic-map/security-local-list-antispam-filtering.html

Juniper Secure Connect client software is supported on the following three operating systems: Windows 7, Windows 10, and macOS. For more information, please refer to the Juniper Secure Connect Administrator Guide, which can be found on Juniper's website. The guide states: "The Juniper Secure Connect client is supported on Windows 7, Windows 10, and macOS." It also provides detailed instructions on how to install and configure the software for each of these operating systems.

"Local Authentication—In local authentication, the SRX Series device validates the user credentials by checking them in the local database. In this method, the administrator handles change of password or resetting of forgotten password. Here, it requires that an user must remember a new password. This option is not much preferred from a security standpoint.

• External Authentication—In external authentication, you can allow the users to use the same user credentials they use when accessing other resources on the network. In many cases, user credentials are domain logon used for Active Directory or any other LDAP authorization system. This method simplifies user experience and improves the organization’s security posture; because you can maintain the authorization system with the regular security policy used by your organization."

https://www.juniper.net/documentation/us/en/software/secure-connect/secure-connect-administrator-guide/topics/topic-map/secure-connect-getting-started.html