CRT-450 Salesforce Certified Platform Developer I (SU24) Questions and Answers

To notify the parent component from a child component when a button is clicked:

Option C: Create a custom event

Explanation: In Lightning Web Components, child components communicate with parent components by dispatching custom events.

Child Component:

// ChildComponent.js

handleClick() {

const nextEvent = new CustomEvent('next');

this.dispatchEvent(nextEvent);

}

Parent Component:

javascript

Copy code

// ParentComponent.js

handleNext() {

// Navigate to the next page

}

Option C: Update the PrimaryId__c field definition to mark it as an External Id.

Correct Answer.

Explanation:

Marking PrimaryId__c as an External ID allows data loading tools to match records based on this field.

This facilitates upserting data and ensures that the CSV data correctly maps to existing records.

Option A: Specifying loading order

True.

Explanation:

The tag allows you to specify the order in which scripts are loaded by the sequence in the scripts attribute.

To associate multiple Engineering_Support__c records to a single Opportunity and display aggregate information on the Opportunity:

Option B: Master-detail field from Engineering_Support__c to Opportunity

Explanation:

Master-Detail Relationship: Creating a master-detail relationship from Engineering_Support__c (detail) to Opportunity (master) allows multiple support records to be related to one Opportunity.

Aggregate Information: Master-detail relationships support roll-up summary fields, enabling aggregate calculations (like COUNT, SUM) on the Opportunity object based on related Engineering_Support__c records.

Option D: VS Code

Correct Answer.

Explanation:

Visual Studio Code with the Salesforce Extension Pack is the recommended IDE for developing and fixing Lightning Web Components.

It provides features like syntax highlighting, IntelliSense, debugging, and seamless deployment to a sandbox.

Scenario:

Objects Involved:

Job__c (Master)

Job_Application__c (Detail)

Contact (Related via Master-Detail relationship on Job_Application__c)

Fields:

Preferred_Locations__c (Multi-select picklist on Job__c)

MailingState (Field on Contact)

Requirement:

On Job_Application__c, display whether the Contact's MailingState matches any value in Preferred_Locations__c on the related Job__c.

Keep this value in sync if changes occur to the Contact's MailingState.

Solution:

Option C: Formula field

Correct Approach.

Explanation:

Create a Formula Field on Job_Application__c that compares the Contact's MailingState with the Job's Preferred_Locations__c.

Since Job_Application__c is a detail of Job__c and has a lookup to Contact, the formula can reference fields from both related objects.

Use the INCLUDES() function to check if the MailingState is among the selected values in Preferred_Locations__c.

Sample Formula:

INCLUDES(Job__r.Preferred_Locations__c, Contact__r.MailingState)

This formula returns a Boolean (TRUE or FALSE) indicating whether there's a match.

Benefits:

Real-Time Calculation: Updates automatically when either field changes.

No Code Required: Declarative solution using formula fields.

Maintenance: Easy to manage and update if needed.

When saving records using a custom controller in a Visualforce page, validation rule violations can occur. To display these validation error messages to the user, the developer should use the component.

Option A: Include <apex:messages> on the Visualforce page.

Correct Approach.

Explanation:

The component displays all messages that were generated for all components on the page, including validation rule violations.

When a DML operation is performed, any validation errors are automatically added to the ApexPages message collection.

Including in the page ensures that these messages are displayed to the user.

Example:

To check whether the current user has permission to delete an Account, the developer should use the Schema.sObjectType methods.

Option D: Schema.sObjectType.Account.isDeletable()

Correct Method.

Explanation:

The Schema.sObjectType.Account provides describe information about the Account object.

The isDeletable() method returns a Boolean indicating whether the current user has permission to delete records of this type.

Usage:

if (Schema.sObjectType.Account.isDeletable()) {

// User has permission to delete Accounts

delete accountRec;

} else {

// Handle lack of permission

}

Options Not Applicable:

Option A: Account.isDeletable()

No such static method on the Account object.

Option B: accountRec.sObjectType.isDeletable()

sObjectType returns a token; to get describe results, you need to call getDescribe().

Option C: accountRec.isDeletable()

There is no instance method isDeletable() on sObject records.

Conclusion:

To ensure proper permission checks, the developer should use Schema.sObjectType.Account.isDeletable(), which is Option D.

Change Sets are a point-and-click tool for migrating metadata between related Salesforce orgs, such as from a sandbox to a production org.

Option C: Deployment is done in a one-way, single transaction.

Correct.

Explanation:

Change sets are deployed in a one-way direction from the source org to the destination org.

The deployment occurs in a single transaction. If any component fails to deploy, the entire deployment is rolled back.

To enable a custom event in a Lightning Web Component (LWC) to bubble up the containment hierarchy and cross the Shadow DOM boundary, the event must be dispatched with the properties:

bubbles: true

composed: true

bubbles Property:

When set to true, the event bubbles up through the DOM hierarchy, allowing parent components to listen for the event.

"The bubbles option indicates whether the event bubbles up through the DOM or not."— Lightning Web Components Developer Guide: Event Propagation

composed Property:

When set to true, the event can pass through the Shadow DOM boundary, allowing components outside the Shadow DOM to receive the event.

"The composed option controls whether the event can propagate across the boundary between the shadow DOM and the regular DOM."— Lightning Web Components Developer Guide: Event Composition

Example:

// ChildComponent.js

const event = new CustomEvent('myevent', {

bubbles: true,

composed: true,

detail: { /* event data */ }

});

this.dispatchEvent(event);

Why Other Options Are Incorrect:

Option B: bubbles: true, composed: false

The event will bubble up within the Shadow DOM but will not cross the Shadow DOM boundary.

Option C: bubbles: false, composed: false

The event will neither bubble nor cross the Shadow DOM boundary, limiting its propagation.

Option D: bubbles: false, composed: true

The event will not bubble up the containment hierarchy but can cross the Shadow DOM boundary, which is insufficient for the requirement.

Conclusion:

Setting both bubbles and composed to true ensures the event bubbles up through the component hierarchy and crosses the Shadow DOM boundary.

The first step in the Salesforce order of execution:

Option D: The original record is loaded from the database.

This is Step 1 in the order of execution.

Why Not Other Options:

Option A: Overwriting old values happens after loading the record.

Option B: JavaScript validation occurs on the client side before server processing.

Option C: System validation for field lengths happens after loading the record.

References:

Order of Execution:

"1. Loads the original record from the database or initializes the record for an upsert statement."— Apex Developer Guide: Triggers and Order of Execution

Option C: Developer Sandbox

Correct Answer.

Explanation:

Developer Sandboxes are intended for coding and testing by a single developer.

They copy all application and configuration information from production, ensuring the same metadata.

Each developer can work in their own isolated environment.

When importing an Apex method into a Lightning Web Component (LWC), the correct syntax is:

import methodName from '@salesforce/apex/ClassName.methodName';

Option D: import updateAccounts from '@salesforce/apex/AccountController.updateaccounts';

Correct Syntax.

Explanation:

import updateAccounts:

Specifies the JavaScript function name to reference in the LWC.

from '@salesforce/apex/AccountController.updateaccounts';:

Indicates that we are importing from an Apex class named AccountController, and the method is updateaccounts.

Case Sensitivity:

The class and method names are case-sensitive and should match the Apex code.

When writing tests for Apex code that performs callouts to external services, Salesforce requires that callouts are mocked to ensure that tests do not depend on external systems and to allow for consistent and predictable test results.

Correct Option:

Option D: Write a class that implements HttpCalloutMock.

True.

Explanation:

To test HTTP callouts, you implement the HttpCalloutMock interface and provide a fake response for the HTTP request.

This mock response is then used in your test methods to simulate the callout.

The test method uses Test.setMock to set the mock class.

In the Model-View-Controller (MVC) architecture applied to a Lightning Web Component (LWC) that imports an Apex method:

Controller refers to the logic that handles input and interactions.

In this scenario, when a button is pressed, the method runs to execute complex validations.

Option C: Apex class

Part of Controller.

Explanation:

The Apex class contains the method that performs the complex validations.

It acts as the server-side controller logic.

To run a script that deploys to a sandbox:

Option A: VSCode

Explanation: Visual Studio Code with the Salesforce Extensions Pack allows developers to deploy code using scripts and integrates with Salesforce CLI.

Option D: SFDX CLI

Explanation: The Salesforce CLI (SFDX CLI) can be used to script deployments to any org, including sandboxes.

Example Command:

sfdx force:source:deploy -u sandboxAlias -p path/to/source

Scratch Orgs are disposable Salesforce orgs that can be created quickly and configured with different features and settings. They are ideal for source-driven development and allow developers to work independently.

Option D: Scratch orgs

Correct Answer.

Scratch orgs support source-driven development and can be fully configured through scripts and the Salesforce CLI.

Developers can create and destroy scratch orgs as needed, ensuring they have isolated environments.

To retrieve data from an external system in real time during a flow, the developer should use an invocable method.

Option B: An invocable method

Invocable methods can be called from Flow to execute Apex code. By annotating an Apex method with @InvocableMethod, you can expose it to Flows. If the method needs to make a callout to an external system, it must be annotated with (callout=true).

public with sharing class OrderService {

@InvocableMethod(callout=true)

public static List getOrderData(List inputs) {

// Callout to external system and return data

}

}

The Lightning Component framework is used to develop:

Option B: Lightning Pages

Explanation: Lightning Components can be used to build custom components that can be added to Lightning Pages, enhancing the Lightning Experience and Salesforce mobile app.

Option A: Roll-up summary fields can cause the parent record to go through Save.

True.

When a child record changes, roll-up summary fields on the parent object are recalculated.

This causes the parent record to save, which can trigger triggers on the parent object.

To back up all data and attachments in a Salesforce org, the standard approach is to use the Data Export Service.

Option B: Define a Data Export scheduled

Correct Answer.

Explanation:

The Data Export Service allows administrators to schedule a weekly or monthly export of all data and attachments.

The exported data can be downloaded as a set of CSV files and attachments in zip format.

To add an additional layer of validation for email addresses on Lead records by using automation and possibly an external validation service, the best solution is to use a custom Lightning Web Component (LWC).

Option C: Use a custom Lightning Web Component to make a callout to validate the fields on a third-party system

Real-Time Validation: An LWC can perform client-side validation and make callouts to external systems to validate the email address as the user inputs data.

User Experience: Provides immediate feedback to the user, improving data quality at the point of entry.

Limitations: This solution works when data is entered through the UI using the LWC component.

To implement a process where every time an Opportunity is created, a follow-up Task should be created and assigned to the Opportunity Owner, the most efficient method is to use a Record-Triggered Flow on the Opportunity object.

Option B: Record-triggered flow on Opportunity

Declarative Solution: Salesforce Flows provide a powerful, declarative way to automate business processes without writing code.

Triggering Event: The flow is configured to trigger when a new Opportunity record is created.

Create Task Record: The flow includes an element to create a new Task record.

Set the Assigned To field to the Opportunity Owner.

Populate other Task fields as necessary (e.g., Subject, Due Date).

Efficiency: Flows are more efficient than Apex triggers for simple automation and are easier to maintain.

Best Practice: Salesforce recommends using Flows over Workflow Rules and Process Builders for new automations.

When deploying Apex code to production, Salesforce requires that all Apex triggers have at least 1% code coverage and the overall code coverage must be at least 75%.

In this scenario:

The developer has a test class that covers 95% of the helper class.

The deployment fails because the trigger has 0% coverage.

The error message indicates that the trigger needs at least 1% coverage.

Solution:

Option A: Create a test class and methods to cover the Apex trigger.

Correct Action.

Explanation:

Write a test class that specifically tests the trigger's functionality.

Ensure that the trigger is executed within the test context.

This will increase the trigger's code coverage above the required 1%.

To integrate Order__c records with the ERP system after their status is set to 'Placed', and considering that orders may be uploaded in bulk, the developer should:

Option D: Callout from a Queueable class called from a trigger

Explanation:

Trigger: Implement an after-update trigger on Order__c to detect when the status changes to 'Placed'.

Queueable Apex: Use Queueable Apex to handle asynchronous processing and callouts. Queueable classes support callouts by implementing the Database.AllowsCallouts interface.

Benefits:

Handles Bulk Data: Queueable Apex can process records in batches and can be chained for processing large volumes.

Supports Callouts: Unlike future methods, Queueable Apex allows for more complex data types and supports callouts with fewer limitations.

To address the view state limit error caused by loading over 10,000 records in a Visualforce page, the developer should implement pagination with a StandardSetController.

StandardSetController: This controller allows developers to easily paginate large sets of records in Visualforce pages.

"A StandardSetController object contains a reference to a list of records with pagination support, similar to the display in a list view."— Apex Developer Guide: StandardSetController Class

Benefits:

Efficient Data Handling: It retrieves only a subset of records at a time, reducing the amount of data held in view state.

Built-in Pagination: Provides methods to navigate through pages of records (next, previous, etc.).

View State Limit: Visualforce pages have a view state limit of 170KB. Loading all records at once exceeds this limit.

"To optimize your Visualforce pages, minimize your use of view state. The view state of a Visualforce page is limited to 170KB."— Visualforce Developer Guide: View State in Visualforce Pages

Why Not Other Options:

A. Implement pagination with an OffsetController: There's no standard OffsetController in Visualforce. Implementing custom pagination with offsets is less efficient and can be complex.

B. Use JavaScript remoting with SOQL Offset: While JavaScript remoting can reduce view state size, using SOQL OFFSET is not efficient for large offsets (over 2,000 records).

"When using OFFSET with a large number of records, performance degrades significantly."— SOQL and SOSL Reference: OFFSET Clause

D. Use lazy loading and a transient List variable: Lazy loading can help, but it doesn't solve the issue of handling large datasets efficiently. Transient variables reduce view state but do not manage data retrieval or pagination.

Conclusion: Implementing pagination with a StandardSetController is the recommended solution to handle large datasets efficiently in Visualforce pages and prevent view state limit errors.

Requirements:

The maxAttempts variable must:

Preserve its value for the length of the Apex transaction.

Be able to share the variable's state between trigger executions.

Solution:

To meet these requirements, the variable should be declared as a private static variable on a helper class.

Option D: Declare maxAttempts as a private static variable on a helper class.

Correct Approach.

Explanation:

Static Variables:

Static variables retain their value throughout the execution context of the Apex transaction.

They are shared across trigger contexts and can be used to maintain state between trigger executions.

Private Modifier:

Keeps the variable encapsulated within the class.

Helper Class:

Placing the variable in a helper class allows it to be accessed from multiple triggers or classes within the transaction.

Sample Code:

public class MyHelperClass {

private static Integer maxAttempts = 0;

public static void incrementAttempts() {

maxAttempts++;

}

public static Integer getMaxAttempts() {

return maxAttempts;

}

}

Benefits:

State Preservation: Static variables maintain their state during the transaction.

Accessibility: Can be accessed from different triggers or classes.

To efficiently generate a baseline set of data for unit tests that can be shared across multiple test methods, you should:

Option A: Use @TestSetup with a void method.

@TestSetup Annotation:

The @TestSetup method runs once before any test methods in the test class and is used to create common test data.

Data created in @TestSetup is available to all test methods within the test class.

Example:

@IsTest

private class MyTestClass {

@TestSetup

static void setupData() {

// Create Accounts, Contacts, Products, Assets

// This data is available to all test methods

}

@IsTest

static void testCase1() {

// Test logic here

}

@IsTest

static void testCase2() {

// Test logic here

}

}

When overriding standard buttons in Salesforce Classic and Lightning Experience, different technologies are used.

Salesforce Classic:

Visualforce pages are used to override standard buttons like Edit.

Lightning Experience:

Lightning Components (Aura Components or Lightning Web Components) are used.

Option C: A Visualforce page in Salesforce Classic and a Lightning component in Lightning Experience

Correct Answer.

Explanation:

In Salesforce Classic, override the Edit button with a Visualforce page.

In Lightning Experience, use a Lightning Component to override the Edit action.

When designing a new application on the Salesforce platform that needs to support multiple tenants effectively (i.e., multiple customers or users), the developer should consider the Model-View-Controller (MVC) framework.

Option B: Model-View-Controller (MVC)

Correct Design Framework.

Explanation:

MVC is a software architectural pattern for implementing user interfaces.

Model: Represents the data and business logic.

View: Represents the presentation layer.

Controller: Handles user input and interactions.

Salesforce's platform follows the MVC pattern, which helps in separating concerns, ensuring scalability, and maintainability.

When updating a record of a junction object in Salesforce (an object used to create a many-to-many relationship), you must have the appropriate permissions.

Required Permissions:

Read/Write access on the junction object: To update the junction object record itself.

Read/Write access on both master (parent) records: Because the junction object is in two master-detail relationships, and its security settings are controlled by the parent records.

Given the options:

Option A: Read/Write access on the primary relationship

Option B: Read/Write access on the secondary relationship

These options correspond to having Read/Write access on both parent objects.

Supporting References:

Master-Detail Relationships:

Permissions Inheritance: The detail (junction) record inherits sharing and security settings from the master (parent) records.

Updating Records: To update a detail record, users must have Read/Write access to both the detail record and its parent records.

When multiple triggers are associated with the same object and event, Salesforce does not guarantee the order in which they will execute.

Option D: Trigger execution order cannot be guaranteed.

Correct Answer.

Explanation:

Salesforce does not provide a mechanism to define or guarantee the execution order of triggers on the same object and event.

If order is important, developers should combine the logic into a single trigger or use trigger frameworks that manage execution order.

When a Lightning component needs to execute a complex SOQL query that joins two objects, and such queries are not supported directly in Lightning components, the solution is to use an Apex controller method.

Option C: Invoke an Apex class with the method annotated as @AuraEnabled to perform the query.

Correct Approach.

Explanation:

The Lightning component can call an Apex method annotated with @AuraEnabled.

The Apex method can perform the complex SOQL query and return the results to the component.

Option B: Apex Flex Queue.

Monitors batch jobs waiting for execution.

Option C: Apex Jobs.

Shows all asynchronous Apex jobs, including batch and future methods.

Why Not Other Options:

Option A: Developer Console doesn't provide job status.

Option D: Paused Flow Interviews are unrelated to Apex jobs.

References:

Apex Jobs Monitoring:

"The Apex Jobs page displays information about all Apex jobs—batch jobs, future methods, scheduled Apex, and Apex test jobs."— Salesforce Help: Monitor Your Scheduled Jobs

When comparing Lightning Web Components (LWC) with Visualforce for the View layer in the MVC paradigm, several advantages stand out.

Option A: Self-contained and reusable units of an application

Correct Advantage.

Explanation:

LWCs are built using modular components that encapsulate their own structure, style, and behavior.

Components can be reused across different parts of the application, promoting consistency and reducing development time.

This modularity allows for better maintainability and scalability.

The requirement is for service agents to gather many pieces of information when processing damaged or stolen credit cards.

Option A: Screen-based Flow

Correct Answer.

Explanation:

A Screen Flow allows developers to build guided, interactive forms that collect information from users.

Flows can have multiple screens, validation rules, and branching logic.

They can be created declaratively without code, making them efficient to implement.

Benefits:

Efficient Development: No need for code.

User-Friendly: Provides a step-by-step interface.

Maintainable: Easy to update as requirements change.