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BA2 Fundamentals of management accounting Questions and Answers

Questions 4

Refer to the Exhibit.

A company operates a batch costing system.

Production overhead costs are absorbed into the cost of batches using a direct labour hour rate. Other overhead costs are absorbed at a rate of 20% of total production cost. The company adds a mark-up of 10% to total cost in order to derive its selling prices.

Budgeted production overheads for the period are $44,000 and the budgeted level of activity is 8,800 direct labour hours.

The following data are available for batch number 309:

The required selling price per unit (to two decimal places) is:

Options:

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Questions 5

Refer to the exhibit.

Xell Ltd uses a standard costing system and therefore values all inventory at standard cost. During period 3 the price paid for material 'A' was £6 per kg less than the standard price.

The following information for material 'A' relates to period 3:

What was the material price variance for period 3?

Options:

A.

£6 Favourable

B.

£60 Favourable

C.

£1500 Favourable

D.

£1800 Favourable

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Questions 6

Which of the following best describes a step cost?

Options:

A.

A cost which remains constant until activity reaches a critical level; thereafter the cost increases to a higher level and the unit cost remains constant until the next critical activity level is reached.

B.

A cost which increases steadily until activity reaches a critical level; thereafter the cost increases to a higher level and the total cost remains constant until the next critical activity level is reached.

C.

A cost which remains constant until activity reaches a critical level; thereafter the cost increases to a higher level and the total cost remains constant until the next critical activity level is reached.

D.

A cost which increases per unit until activity reaches a critical level; thereafter the cost increases to a higher level and the unit cost remains constant until the next critical activity level is reached.

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Questions 7

The principal budget factor can be defined as:

Options:

A.

The factor which has the highest value in the budget

B.

The factor which limits the activities of the organisation

C.

The factor which is most likely to result in an adverse variance

D.

The factor which is least likely to change in the future

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Questions 8

In an integrated cost and financial accounting system, the accounting entries for the payment of net wages to indirect production workers would be:

Options:

A.

Debit: Bank accountCredit: Wages control account

B.

Debit: Work in progress control accountCredit: Bank account

C.

Debit: Wages control accountCredit: Bank account

D.

Debit: Production overhead control accountCredit: Bank account

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Questions 9

The following costs are incurred by a company which owns a five star hotel. Which THREE of the items would normally be classified as variable costs?

Options:

A.

Advertising

B.

Food

C.

Depreciation on gym equipment

D.

Restaurant Manager's salary

E.

Beverages

F.

Outside laundry service

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Questions 10

Based upon extensive historical evidence, a company’s daily sales volume is known to be normally distributed with a mean of 1,728 units and a standard deviation of 273 units.

What is the probability that, on any one day, the sales volume will be at least 1,300 units?

Options:

A.

5.82%

B.

73.89%

C.

44.18%

D.

94.18%

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Questions 11

In order for the information in a management accounting report to be authoritative its contents must be:

Options:

A.

trusted and from reliable sources.

B.

complete and reported in a timely manner.

C.

complete and relevant.

D.

both financial and non-financial.

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Questions 12

Which of the following would NOT require taking into account the time value of money?

Options:

A.

Deciding to make a long-term investment in a project on the basis of its payback period.

B.

Selecting an investment project on the basis that it has a positive net present value (NPV).

C.

Calculating the present value of a five-year annuity.

D.

Taking a long-term investment decision on the basis of the project’s internal rate of return (IRR).

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Questions 13

The staffing policy for a supermarket is to have one cashier station open for every forecasted 20 customers per hour. Cashiers are hired by the hour as and when required, and do not perform any other duties.

The cost of the cashiers in relation to the number of customers would be classified as which type of cost?

Options:

A.

Stepped fixed cost

B.

Variable cost

C.

Semi-variable cost

D.

Fixed cost

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Questions 14

A company uses full cost pricing. The unit costs for product Z are given below.

What price per unit should be charged in order to achieve a profit margin of 20%?

Give your answer to the nearest cent.

Options:

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Questions 15

In a company that manufactures many different products on the same production line, which TWO of the following would NOT be classified as indirect production costs? (Choose two.)

Options:

A.

Salary paid to the factory manager.

B.

Factory rent.

C.

Maintenance costs for the company’s only production line.

D.

Commissions paid to the sales team.

E.

Royalties paid to the designers of the products.

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Questions 16

A company is considering investing $57,000 in a machine that will last for five years, after which time it will have no value. The machine will generate additional revenue of $190,000 each year. Annual running costs, including depreciation of $11,400 will amount to $168,400.

Assuming that all cash flows occur evenly, the payback period of the investment in the machine is closest to:

Options:

A.

2 years 8 months

B.

1 year 9 months

C.

1 year 7 months

D.

2 years 6 months

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Questions 17

The year-to-date results at the end of month 9 included sales revenue of $3,600,000 and variable costs of $2,100,000.

During month 10, sales revenue was $450,000 and variable costs were $270,000.

What year-to-date contribution to sales ratio (C/S ratio) would be reported at the end of month 10?

Options:

A.

58,5%

B.

70,9%

C.

41,5%

D.

40,0%

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Questions 18

The following is an extract from a budgetary control report for the latest period:

The budget variance for prime cost is:

Options:

A.

$3,260 adverse

B.

$18,580 adverse

C.

$3,340 adverse

D.

$3,260 favourable

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Questions 19

A company operates an integrated standard cost accounting system. The standard price of raw material A is $20 per litre. At the start of period 1, the inventory of 500 litres of raw material A was valued at $20 per litre. During period 1, 100 litres of raw material A were purchased at an actual price of $21 per litre. During period 2, 550 litres of raw material A were issued to Job 789.

In respect of the above events, which TWO of the following statements are correct? (Choose two.)

Options:

A.

The raw material inventory at the end of period 1 should include 100 litres valued at $21 per litre.

B.

An adverse material price variance should be recorded in the statement of profit or loss for period 1.

C.

The raw material inventory at the end of period 2 should be valued at $20 per litre.

D.

An adverse material price variance should be recorded in the statement of profit or loss for period 2.

E.

The first 500 litres of raw material A issued should be debited to the Job 789 account at $20 per litre, and the remaining 50 litres at $21 per litre.

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Questions 20

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of useful operational level information?

Options:

A.

Sufficiently accurate.

B.

Focused on the decision to be made.

C.

Available immediately.

D.

Governed by financial reporting standards.

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Questions 21

According to CIMA’s Code of Ethics, CIMA members should not allow bias, conflict of interest of the influence of other people to override their professional judgement.

This is an example of:

Options:

A.

objectivity.

B.

professional behaviour.

C.

integrity.

D.

professional competence and due care.

Questions 22

A management accountant has forecast the following cash inflows from four potential projects.

All four projects require the same initial investment and will last for four years. They all result in a positive net present value but only one of the projects can be undertaken.

Which project should be selected?

Options:

A.

Project A

B.

Project B

C.

Project C

D.

Project D

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Questions 23

The forecast costs per unit for a new product are as follows:

The company uses marginal cost plus pricing and all products are required to achieve a 40% margin.

What would be the selling price per unit?

Options:

A.

$37.80

B.

$46.20

C.

$45.00

D.

$55.00

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Questions 24

A company that uses standard costing wishes to reconcile the difference between the profit for a period calculated using absorption costing with that calculated using marginal costing.

Which TWO of the following will NOT help with this reconciliation? (Choose two.)

Options:

A.

The actual fixed production overheads.

B.

The closing inventory.

C.

The opening inventory.

D.

The under or over absorbed fixed production overheads.

E.

The fixed production overhead absorption rate.

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Questions 25

The following data relate to the latest period.

A statement is to be prepared that reconciles the difference between the flexible budget profit and the actual profit.

Which TWO of the following will appear on this statement? (Choose two.)

Options:

A.

A favourable labour rate variance.

B.

A favourable sales volume contribution variance.

C.

An adverse sales price variance.

D.

An adverse labour efficiency variance.

E.

An adverse material price variance.

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Questions 26

A company manufactures three products using the same direct labour which will be in short supply next month. No inventories are held. Data for the three products are as follows:

The fixed costs are all committed costs and cannot now be altered for the next month.

Place the labels against the correct product to indicate the order of priority for manufacture that will maximise the profit for the next month.

Options:

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Questions 27

A company operates a full cost system of pricing. Production overheads are absorbed using a pre-determined absorption rate of £3.50 per machine hour. The direct production cost of product A is £15 per unit and it utilises 6 machine hours per unit. The mark-up for non-production costs is 10% of total production cost. The company applies a 25% mark-up on total cost for all products.

The required selling price for Product A, to two decimal places, is:

Options:

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Questions 28

Refer to the exhibit.

The budget for product Sentra for the month of August is given below:

  • Each unit of Sentra requires 4kg of raw materials.
  • The raw materials purchases budget for the month of August is:

Options:

A.

512,000 kg

B.

516,000 kg

C.

496,000 kg

D.

722,000 kg

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Questions 29

Refer to the Exhibit.

A company operates an absorption costing system. The management accounts show that fixed production overheads were over-absorbed in the period.

Which FOUR combinations could possibly have resulted in this situation?

Options:

A.

Combination A

B.

Combination B

C.

Combination C

D.

Combination D

E.

Combination E

F.

Combination F

G.

Combination G

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Questions 30

The variable overhead efficiency variance is:

Options:

A.

The same as the direct labour efficiency variance

B.

The difference between the actual hours worked and the standard hours produced, multiplied by the variable overhead absorption rate

C.

The difference between the actual variable overheads incurred and those absorbed

D.

The actual hours worked multiplied by the variable overhead absorption rate

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Questions 31

Refer to the exhibit.

DS is manufacturing company that uses an integrated accounting system. The following payroll data is available for the month of August:

The Employers' National Insurance for the period was $13,790. An analysis of the wages is as follows:

Which of the following factors affect the budgeted cash flow:

(a) Funds from the issue of share capital

(b) Bank Interest on a long term loan

(c) Depreciation on fixed assets

(d) Bad debt write off

Options:

A.

Factors (a), (b), (c) and (d)

B.

Factors (a) and (b) only

C.

Factor (a) only

D.

Factors (b), (c) and (d) only

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Questions 32

The master budget is:

Options:

A.

A consolidation of all subsidiary budgets

B.

The income statement

C.

The cash budget

D.

The budget for the principal budget factor

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Questions 33

Refer to the exhibit.

Data for October's budget for product Quest for the month of October are given below:

Each unit of Quest requires 6kg of raw materials. Strict quality control procedures are applied to the manufacturing process and normal rejection levels are 5% of finished units.

The raw materials purchases budget for the month of October is:

Options:

A.

2,134,737 kg

B.

2,136,000 kg

C.

2,129,400 kg

D.

2,130,600 kg

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Questions 34

Which one of the following is an example of operational management information?

Options:

A.

The annual cash budget

B.

An investment appraisal report

C.

A production schedule for tomorrow

D.

A flexible budget control report for last month

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Questions 35

In an integrated cost and financial accounting system, the accounting entries for the cost of production units completed in the period would be:

Options:

A.

Debit: Finished goods control accountCredit: Work in progress control account

B.

Debit: Work in progress control accountCredit: Finished goods control account

C.

Debit: Cost of sales accountCredit: Finished goods control account

D.

Debit: Finished goods control accountCredit: Cost of sales account

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Questions 36

Refer to the exhibit.

Xey Ltd. has the following budgeted information for product T4 in July:

The actual results for July were as follows:

What is the total sales margin variance?

Options:

A.

£36,000 favourable

B.

£36,000 adverse

C.

£35,000 favourable

D.

£35,000 favourable

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Questions 37

Refer to the Exhibit.

PJ Ltd has forecast that the relationship between total overheads and machine hours will be as follows:

If the budget is to be based on 4,000 machine hours, the variable overhead absorption rate will be:

*per machine hour.

Give your answer to 2 decimal places.

Options:

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Questions 38

Each finished carton of product P contains 15 litres of liquid L. During the production process there is an unavoidable loss of 20% of the liquid input. The standard price of liquid L is $2 per litre.

The standard ingredient cost for liquid L shown on the standard cost card for one carton of product P will be

Options:

A.

$18.75

B.

$30.00

C.

$36.00

D.

$37.50

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Questions 39

Refer to the exhibit.

Patchit Limited operates a job costing system. They have been asked to quote for a rush job that will require to be done in overtime hours. It is estimated that the job will incur the following costs:

Production overheads are absorbed on a direct labour hour basis. Budgeted direct labour hours for the year were 50,000 and budgeted direct labour cost was $300,000.

If production overheads had been based on a percentage of direct labour cost, the revised production costs for the job would be:

Options:

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Questions 40

Refer to the exhibit.

The budgeted contribution for last month was $53,600. The variances reported were as follows:

The actual contribution for last month was:

Options:

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Questions 41

JB has fixed costs of $120,000 per annum. It manufactures a single product which it sells for $12 per unit. It has a profit/volume ratio of 60%.

JB’s break-even point is

Options:

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Questions 42

A company hires a delivery vehicle for $200 per day plus $2 per kilometre travelled. The total hire cost would be described as:

Options:

A.

a fixed cost

B.

a variable cost

C.

a step cost

D.

a semi-variable cost

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Questions 43

Which of the following statements are true of Risk? Select ALL that apply.

Options:

A.

Various outcomes are expected but their probabilities are unknown.

B.

The outcomes are quantifiable.

C.

The future outcome is completely unknown.

D.

There is no previous experience to base predictions on.

E.

Risks are always worth taking.

F.

Risks are never worth taking.

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Questions 44

The Chartered Institute of Management Accounting's definition of management accounting outlines four responsibilities of the accountant in terms of the value for the stakeholders. The management accountant should

aim to have which of the following effects according to CIMA?

Options:

A.

Create value for the stakeholder

B.

Protect value for the stakeholder

C.

Preserve value for the stakeholder

D.

Increase value for the stakeholder

E.

Decrease value for the stakeholder

F.

Damage value for the stakeholder

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Questions 45

Refer to the exhibit.

Which type of cost do the following figures represent?

Options:

A.

Curvi-linear

B.

Fixed

C.

Semi-variable

D.

Variable

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Questions 46

Which of the following is the correct definition is an annuity:

Options:

A.

A chain of regular cash flows up to a certain period of time.

B.

A series of cash outflows which goes on forever.

C.

A set of regular payments of increasing value.

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Questions 47

Refer to the exhibit.

A departmental budgetary control report for the latest period includes the following information.

The budgeted variable production cost per unit is

Options:

A.

$10

B.

$12

C.

$16

D.

$17

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Questions 48

RJD Ltd is preparing the production cost budget for the forthcoming year and has found that there is a linear relationship between production volume and production costs.

They have found that a production volume of 1,600 units corresponds to production costs of £40000 and that a production volume of 3,200 units corresponds to production costs of £48,000.

What would be the production costs for a production volume of 4,000 units?

Options:

A.

£52000

B.

£60,000

C.

£100,000

D.

£120,000

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Questions 49

Refer to the exhibit.

A company requires 2,000 units each of components X, Y and Z during the next period. All three components are made on the same machine which has a capacity of 26,000 hours for next period. No inventories are held.

Data for the three components are as follows:

In order to minimize cost, how many units of component X should be purchased from the external supplier?

Options:

A.

None

B.

500

C.

1,500

D.

2,000

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Questions 50

The company Andrew works for currently uses traditional absorption costing. He needs to convince his manager that the company should be using activity based costing instead.

Andrew has compiled this list of advantages:

(1)ABC will allow us to make better pricing decisions

(2)ABC will give us tighter control over costs as we will be able to pinpoint inefficiencies

(3)ABC will help improve our product mix by highlighting the best combination of materials

(4)ABC is suitable for our business as we only produce one product

Which statement or statements are INCORRECT?

Options:

A.

(3) and (4)

B.

(1) and (2)

C.

(2) and (3)

D.

(1) and (4)

E.

(2) and (4)

F.

(1) and (3)

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Questions 51

A company uses an integrated accounting system.

The accounting entries for depreciation of machinery used for production would be.

Options:

A.

Debit: Provision for depreciation accountCredit: Work in progress control account

B.

Debit: Work in progress control accountCredit: Provision for depreciation account

C.

Debit: Production overhead control account Credit: Provision for depreciation account

D.

Debit: Provision for depreciation account Credit: Non-current Assets account

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Questions 52

Refer to the exhibit.

A company has the following budget information for next year:

The budgeted profit for the year is

Options:

A.

$85,400

B.

$81,200

C.

$72,400

D.

$76,600

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Questions 53

CL produces a household detergent in a single process. Information for this process for last month is as follows:

(a) Materials input – 11,000 Litres at £2.00 per litre.

(b) Conversion costs - £23,000

(c) Output during the month – 8,000 litres.

(d) There were 2,000 units of closing work in progress which was complete as to materials and 35% complete as to conversion.

(e) Normal loss for the month was 5% of input and all losses have a scrap value of 50p per litre.

(f) There is no opening work in progress.

What was the value of normal loss during the month? Give your answer to one decimal place.

Options:

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Questions 54

A fixed budget is:

Options:

A.

A budget for fixed overheads

B.

A budget which shows costs and revenues at different levels of activity

C.

A budget which shows costs and revenues for a single level of activity

D.

A budget prepared on a continuous basis

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Questions 55

CL produces a household detergent in a single process. Information for this process for last month is as follows:

(a) Materials input - 11,000 Litres at £2.00 per litre.

(b) Conversion costs - £23,000

(c) Output during the month - 8,000 litres.

(d) There were 2,000 units of closing work in progress which was complete as to materials and 35% complete as to conversion.

(e) Normal loss for the month was 5% of input and all losses have a scrap value of 50p per litre.

(f) There is no opening work in progress.

The value of finished output during the month (to the nearest £) was:

Options:

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Questions 56

A company manufactures laptop computers. Which of the following would be classified as direct labor?

Options:

A.

Assembly workers on the production line

B.

The factory accountant

C.

A stores assistant in the factory store

D.

The cook in the factory canteen

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Questions 57

Fast Manufacturers PLC have reconsidered their new project and the initial investment required of £1,000,000 is now 25% less than the original conception. The project will remain will have a three year life span and

have no scrap value.

However, this new conception has operating costs of £150,000 in year 1, and increasing by 5% due to inflation the following years. The gross revenue will also be higher across the board. The new project conception is

forecasting a gross revenue of £525,000 in year 1 and again increasing with inflation 5% for years 2 and 3.

If the cost of capital has remained at 14%, should Fast Manufacturers PLC go ahead with the revised project?

Options:

A.

Go ahead with the project

B.

Do not go ahead with the project

C.

Cannot tell from the information given

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Questions 58

Refer to the exhibit.

A company issued its production budget based on an anticipated output of 800 units. Actual output was 1000 units. The details of the costs are shown below:

The budget volume variance was:

Options:

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Exam Code: BA2
Exam Name: Fundamentals of management accounting
Last Update: Dec 22, 2024
Questions: 392

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